A
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A
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Adhesion - Intercoat
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Common Problem | Delamination between coats Whitening of film between coats |
Chemcraft Solution | Ensure correct sanding between coats Allow correct dry time of sealer coats Use correct finishing system Ensure no contamination on previous coat Apply a wet coat material Do not fog or mist coating to apply thinner film builds |
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Adhesion - Stain
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Common Problem | Delamination to stain Whitening of film between coats |
Chemcraft Solution | Reduce application of stain Ensure sufficient wiping of stain Allow correct dry time of stain Dark stains should be obtained by using toners before stain application Avoid heavy shading Make sure to use the correct finishing system (sealer/topcoat) to match stain Apply wet coat of sealer or topcoat Do not fog or mist coating to apply thinner film builds |
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Adhesion - Substrate
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Common Problem | Removal of film to substrate Delamination to substrate when impacted |
Chemcraft Solution | Ensure correct sanding of substrate Use correct finishing system to match topcoat with primer used Ensure no contamination on substrate Apply wet coat of material Do not fog or mist coating to apply thinner film builds Closed grain hardwoods should be well sanded before use Higher solids finishes need a better wood profile to anchor to than low solids Ensure sand paper is not worn |
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Air Entrapment
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Common Problem | Bubbles from pores in the wood Air entrapment from preparation of paint Air entrapment from application Blistering from drying techniques Topcoat attacking previous coat |
Chemcraft Solution | Use defoamer Use slower solvent balance Change airflow during drying, check for drafts Reduce air pressure during application Spray thin wash coat as first coat Ensure adequate flash off before oven Reduce viscosity Bring lacquer to room temperature Use correct thinner Use weakest solvent for previous coat to avoid blistering Reduce recirculation speed Reduce film thickness |
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B
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B
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Bénard Cells
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Common Problem | Cell pattern in finish Color and surface irregularities |
Chemcraft Solution | Add dispersant Add silicone additive to reduce surface tension Increase application viscosity Lower application thickness Add thixotrope or thickener |
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Bleeding
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Common Problem
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Color migration from coated substrate
Color in sanding dust
Colored film on surface
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Chemcraft Solution
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Avoid bleeding dyes and pigments
Use vinyl sealer to seal color
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Blocking
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Common Problem | Sticking together of panels when dry |
Chemcraft Solution | Reduce film build applied Increase or ensure recommended dry times are followed Ensure ovens are at the correct temperature Increase or ensure correct airflow during dry Ensure correct temperature of substrate Decrease or ensure correct temperatures at stacking |
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Blooming
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Common Problem | Hazy deposit on film Oily or wax-like substance on surface Reduced gloss Mottled or non-uniform surface |
Chemcraft Solution | Adjust catalyst level – over–catalyzation Do not use stearated materials such as lacquers and certain polyesters under acid catalyzed coatings Check formula for incompatibility Check substrate for contamination |
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Blushing
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Common Problem | Whitening of surface Lowering of gloss |
Chemcraft Solution | Reduce humidity Use richer thinner Check water level in equipment Warm lacquer to room temperature Increase temperature of application area Slow dry time Dry waterborne stains or sealers |
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Brittleness
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Common Problem | Poor coin scratch Delamination of film when impacted |
Chemcraft Solution | Ensure that brittleness is not lack of adhesion Check with representative If a catalyzed system, check ratio |
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Brown Spots
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Common Problem | Brown spots in film |
Chemcraft Solution | Clean air lines of oil contamination Drain or repair oil separator |
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Bumps and Sinks
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Common Problem | Uneven surface appearance Low depth of image (D.O.I.) |
Chemcraft Solution | Add silicone flow additive Add thixotrope |
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C
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C
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Cold Check
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Common Problem | Cracks in finish |
Chemcraft Solution | Decrease dry film build Ensure minimum room temperature during cure Use only freshly catalyzed material Ensure correct catalyzation Ensure profiles are sanded to reduce sharp angles |
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Cratering
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Common Problem | Depressions in finish with raised edges and material at center |
Chemcraft Solution | Remove source of contamination Clean substrate before application Clean equipment before application Filter material Clean air system and ventilation control Addition of silicone flow agent |
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Crawling
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Common Problem | Formation of beads, islands, craters or pinholes Poor wetting of substrate |
Chemcraft Solution | Clean substrate before application Ensure sanding before application Addition of silicone flow agent |
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D
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D
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Discoloration
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Common Problem | Change in color of finished parts Yellowing of film |
Chemcraft Solution | Check age of coating Check contamination from drum liner Check iron or aluminum contamination from application equipment Check for presence of foreign vapors or fumes Check to ensure presence of UVA, if required Check to ensure material not stored at excessive heat Check for tannin bleed |
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Dry
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Common Problem | Wet film Soft film |
Chemcraft Solution | Decrease humidity during application Increase temperature in drying and curing area Clean wax or oil contamination from substrate Mix catalyst and thinner well into material Ensure correct ratio of catalyst Reduce / ensure correct addition of retarder solvent |
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F
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F
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Fat Edges and Picture Framing
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Common Problem | Paint build-up on edges Poor edge coverage |
Chemcraft Solution | Addition of thixotrope Addition of silicone flow agent Faster solvent balance Lower viscosity Ensure profiles are sanded to remove sharp edges |
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Fish Eyes
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Common Problem | Depressions in finish with raised edges and uniform material at center Undispersed droplets in paint |
Chemcraft Solution | Remove source of contamination Remove source of incompatibility Clean substrate before application Clean equipment before application Clean air system and ventilation control Addition of silicone flow agent |
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Floating
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Common Problem | Mottled, blotchy or streaked appearance Separation and uneven distribution of pigment Result of Bénard cell formation |
Chemcraft Solution | Increase application viscosity Lower application thickness Add thixotrope or thickener Add dispersant Add silicone additive to reduce surface tension |
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Flooding
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Common Problem | Uniform color change Surface enrichment of one or more pigments Different color on disturbed surface/ Rub-up |
Chemcraft Solution | Reduce film thickness Raise viscosity of coating Speed drying |
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G
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G
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Gloss Variation
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Common Problem | Uneven gloss areas Incorrect / unexpected gloss Flat or glossy spots |
Chemcraft Solution | Ensure correct drying or oven temperatures Ensure correct film build Apply seal coat to eliminate absorbent areas on substrate Reduce solvent strength to reduce exudation of resins from wood Ensure clean substrate Addition of silicone flow agent |
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Grey Pores
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Common Problem | Grey areas in deep pores Poor cleaning of sanding dust from pores Poor wetting of pores |
Chemcraft Solution | Blow out sanding dust from pores on sanded panels Reduce viscosity of sealer Add non-contaminating silicone to improve wetting of sealer Change sealer to improve wetting and shrink-back Change to urethane sealer |
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H
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H
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Haze
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Common Problem | Dulling of finished surface Exudation to surface Fine solvent pops Microvoids Fine Bénard cells |
Chemcraft Solution | Use correct thinner Check current catalyzation Check the dry of previous coat Stir material to ensure uniform product Use retarder solvent |
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Hiding
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Common Problem | Poor coverage Show-through of dark lines at edges of profiles |
Chemcraft Solution | Reduce amount of thinner in material Mix material thoroughly before use Increase / ensure correct film build Sand sharp corners of profiles Increase speed of solvent balance |
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L
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L
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Lifting
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Common Problem | Wrinkling of the finish Unevenness of the ripple effect on surface |
Chemcraft Solution | Ensure correct system Do not use weaker films under stronger Apply thinner coat of topcoat Apply heavier coat of sealer Use weaker reducer Ensure correct air movement and dry Allow longer dry on previous coat Ensure correct catalyzation Use freshly catalyzed materials |
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M
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M
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Marring
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Common Problem | Surface damage when scratched |
Chemcraft Solution | Use freshly catalyzed material Increase dry and cure of finish Increase cure area to room temperature Allow 14 days to obtain full cure with acid cure materials Add silicone anti-mar additive Follow manufacturers recommended shelf life Add coalescing solvent to waterborne material to ensure good film formation |
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Mud Cracking
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Common Problem | Fine cracks in surface of waterborne finish |
Chemcraft Solution | Increase temperature of application area Increase drying temperature Add coalescing solvent under agitation Increase substrate temperature |
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O
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O
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Orange Peel
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Common Problem | Surface bumpiness or waviness Orange peel effect Poor leveling |
Chemcraft Solution | Check and / or lower viscosity Apply correct or thicker film build Reduce dry spray or overspray Increase atomizing air Reduce fluid pressure Check correct air cap Use retarder solvent or rich thinner Eliminate excessive air movement Add silicone flow agent Apply even stroke with spray gun at the correct distance from the substrate |
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P
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P
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Printing
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Common Problem | Marks in finish after stacking |
Chemcraft Solution | Increase dry time Use freshly catalyzed materials Do not dry or cure in cool area Ensure correct catalyzation |
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R
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R
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Rub Up
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Common Problem | Color change on disturbed area of finish Flocculation of pigments |
Chemcraft Solution | Reduce film thickness Raise viscosity Add thixotrope or thickener Speed drying Add dispersant Add silicone additive to reduce surface tension |
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S
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S
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Sagging
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Common Problem | Gravity driven flow on vertical surfaces |
Chemcraft Solution | Speed up solvent balance Control or reduce application of material Increase application viscosity Correct spray application, avoid overlap, use correct gun angle, speed, gun movement Apply several thinner coats Reduce drafts and application in direct sunlight Increase temperature of application area Reduce application nozzle size Reduce fluid pressure |
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Seeds
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Common Problem | Small granules in finish Undispersed or flocculated pigments Dirt Resin gel particles |
Chemcraft Solution | Check to confirm dirt and not small air bubbles Clean environment Clean application equipment Filter material Use correct thinner Store and apply material at room temperature |
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Separation
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Common Problem | Partial precipitation from solution Syneresis or phasing of material Pigment settling |
Chemcraft Solution | Change solvent for reduction Store at room temperature Ensure good adhesion Lower amount of reduction Slower addition of reducer Keep container sealed to reduce oxidation |
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Silking
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Common Problem | Parallel lines of irregularities in finish Floating problem Phase separation Specialized Bénard cells Incompatibility |
Chemcraft Solution | Add dispersant Use silicone additive Increase application viscosity Add thixotrope or thickener |
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Skinning
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Common Problem | Skin on surface of paint Gummy material in bottom of paint |
Chemcraft Solution | Keep containers closed Check pot-life Add water / solvent coverage to material |
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Solvent Trap
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Common Problem | Cracking / crazing of finish after unpacking Glossy or flat spot after stacking |
Chemcraft Solution | Decrease or ensure correct film application Ensure correct air movement and dry times Do not store in cold environment before complete cure Increase cure before stacking or packing Ensure correct catalyzation |
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T
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T
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Tearing
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Common Problem | Large cracks in waterborne finish Uneven drying of the surface before the body of the paint film Poor through cure in waterborne materials |
Chemcraft Solution | Decrease surface heat to finish Increase substrate temperature |
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Telegraphing
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Common Problem | Structural or surface features revealed in finish Show-through of fingerprints, water spots or sanding marks |
Chemcraft Solution | Addition of silicone flow agent Increase viscosity of coating Addition of thixotrope Faster solvent balance |
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W
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W
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White Spots
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Common Problem | White spots or contamination in film |
Chemcraft Solution | Ensure flatting agent is completely mixed before application Filter material before use Check water separator |
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